When we think of the Moon, images of a barren, lifeless rock often come to mind. However, recent research has illuminated a fascinating period in lunar history that challenges this perception: during the age of dinosaurs, the Moon was home to active volcanoes.

The Moon's volcanic history is etched across its surface, primarily in the form of vast basaltic plains known as maria, created by ancient volcanic eruptions. While most of the Moon's volcanic activity is believed to have occurred billions of years ago, new evidence suggests that some of this activity persisted much later—overlapping with the Mesozoic era on Earth.

The Mesozoic era, spanning from about 252 to 66 million years ago, was the age of dinosaurs. This period saw the rise and fall of these magnificent creatures, coinciding with significant geological and environmental changes on Earth. Surprisingly, during this time, the Moon, our closest celestial neighbour, still experienced volcanic eruptions.

‍

Researchers have identified relatively young volcanic deposits on the Moon through lunar rock analysis and remote sensing data from missions like NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. These deposits, known as irregular mare patches (IMPs), appear much younger than the surrounding lunar surface, suggesting volcanic activity as recent as 100 million years ago.

Ina, a D-shaped depression in the Mare Imbrium region, is one such IMP. Its smooth floor and lack of significant impact craters indicate it was formed by volcanic activity long after the Moon's primary period of volcanic activity had ceased. Similar features in other regions support the idea that the Moon remained volcanically active during the time of the dinosaurs.

The discovery of relatively recent volcanic activity on the Moon challenges existing models of lunar thermal evolution and has implications for our understanding of planetary science. It suggests the Moon's interior remained partially molten for much longer than previously thought, prompting a reassessment of volcanic activity on other celestial bodies.

‍

While dinosaurs roamed Earth, the Moon was not the static body we often imagine. The possibility that some dinosaurs may have witnessed lunar volcanic eruptions adds a new dimension to our understanding of lunar history and life on Earth. It underscores the complex and interconnected nature of our solar system, where changes on one body can impact another.

In conclusion, the revelation of active volcanoes on the Moon during the age of dinosaurs invites us to rethink lunar geology. It highlights the need for continued exploration and study of our lunar neighbor, offering glimpses into a period when both Earth and its satellite were geologically active worlds, each with its own dynamic story to tell.

‍